PPARγ and human serum–induced and repressed genes. (A) Three hundred forty-nine probe sets were up-regulated and 211 probe sets down-regulated (B) by PPARγ ligand (3 biologic replicates were used). Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed with GeneSpring software (standard correlation). Affymetrix microarray data were normalized to nontreated FBS-cultured cells. Monocytes were cultured for 6 or 24 hours or 5 days as described in “Cell culture and ligand treatment” and the indicated cells were cultured in human AB serum (HS) instead of FBS. Cells were treated with 1 μM rosiglitazone (RSG; 6 hours, 24 hours DC) or with 2.5 μM RSG (5 days DC). (C) Characterization of CD1a, CD1d, CD80, and CD86 cell-surface expression on DCs treated with ligands: 2.5 μM RSG alone or with 5 μM GW9662 (ANT). The indicated DCs were cultured in human AB serum (HS) instead of FBS. Data obtained with specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) indicated (—) versus isotype-matched control (–).