Thrombus formation in sickle cell–transgenic mice. Sickle cell–transgenic mice (β^s) and bone marrow chimeras produced from these mice (β^s→WT) exhibit accelerated thrombus formation in both cerebral venules (A) and arterioles (B) compared with their WT (WT and WT→WT) counterparts. Images of thrombus formation visualized at 10 minutes demonstrate the significant differences between WT→WT (C-D) and β^s→WT (E-F) in both venules (C-E) and arterioles (D-F) of the brain. The arrow indicates the direction of blood flow before cessation. Scale bar indicates 10 μm. Data are shown as the means ± SEM. *P < .05 compared with WT; **P < .01 compared with WT; ##P < .01 compared with WT→WT; ###P < .001 compared with WT→WT. n = 5-6 mice/group.