The inhibitory effect of HXR9 on cell viability is associated with the endogenous expression of the HOXA/PBX3 genes in corresponding leukemic cells. (A) qPCR analysis of HOXA7, HOXA9, HOXA11, and PBX3 expression in 8 leukemic cell lines and 3 primary AML patient leukemic BM cells. Expression level of each gene in each leukemia sample was normalized to that in human normal BM mononuclear cells (MNC). (B-C) Cell viability assay after the treatment with CXR9 and HXR9 on the 8 leukemic cell lines (B) and 3 primary AML samples (C) at the concentration of 1μM, 5μM, 10μM, 15μM, and 20μM for 24 hours. Cell viability was measured with MTS assay. Mean values and SD from 3 independent experiments are shown.