Gene silencing of either OR4N5 or OR10K2 promotes cell proliferation in Hut78 cells. (A) Cell viability assays were conducted on OR4N5- and OR10K2-silenced cells (sh-OR4N5 and sh-OR10K2) over a 10-day period after transduction to assess cell proliferation. Cell counts were measured on days 1 through 10 using the trypan blue exclusion method to distinguish viable cells. A scramble sequence shRNA served as the control in these assays. (B) Confocal immunofluorescence analysis confirmed the successful silencing of OR4N5 and OR10K2 proteins in Hut78 cells (left). The loss of OR expression in Hut78 cells correlates with increased cell proliferation 7 to 9 days after transduction. Statistical data are presented as mean (standard deviation). Cells were counted on days 1, 4, 7, and 10 after selection using an automated cell counter, with trypan blue exclusion to differentiate viable cells. sh-Ctrl, short hairpin control.