In vivo VpreB1-ADC efficacy against an IGH::CRLF2 B-ALL PDX model. NSG mice were transplanted through tail vein injection with 1 × 106 luciferase-labeled PDX model B4 cells. (A) BLI was performed pretreatment to quantify engraftment and for randomization of treatment groups. VpreB1-ADC 2 mg/kg or PBS control (n = 8 mice per group) were administered IP on days 1, 4, and 7. Mice were then followed with serial BLI until leukemia recrudescence was observed in the VpreB1-ADC–treated mice on day +97. (B-D) After 48 hours from completing the therapy, 3 mice from each group were euthanized, femurs and spleens isolated, and leukemia burden assessed using either flow cytometry (human CD19 and CD45 antibodies) or IHC (human CD19). Representative flow cytometry plots (B) with quantification (C) and IHC (D) images are illustrated. ∗∗∗∗P < .0001. H&E, hematoxylin and eosin.