Figure 2.
PS binds to VWF that unfolds during disrupted flow conditions in a calcium-modulated manner. (A) VWF and PS were perfused through a PDMS microfluidic device. (B-C) In the absence (B) or presence of 2 mM calcium (C), VWF self-association and Alexa Fluor 488-PS binding were visualized by DIC and epifluorescence microscopy, respectively. (D) Raw pixel intensity above noise was summed for these conditions and controls without VWF (with PS) and without PS (with VWF). Each data point indicates an independent run. (E) When accounting for the area of VWF self-association, PS binding was significantly higher than all other conditions. Error bars are standard deviation (SD). Statistical significance was determined with an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test; n.s., nonsignificant; ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .001; ∗∗∗∗P < .0001. Scale bar, 25 μm. DIC, differential interference contrast, PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane.

PS binds to VWF that unfolds during disrupted flow conditions in a calcium-modulated manner. (A) VWF and PS were perfused through a PDMS microfluidic device. (B-C) In the absence (B) or presence of 2 mM calcium (C), VWF self-association and Alexa Fluor 488-PS binding were visualized by DIC and epifluorescence microscopy, respectively. (D) Raw pixel intensity above noise was summed for these conditions and controls without VWF (with PS) and without PS (with VWF). Each data point indicates an independent run. (E) When accounting for the area of VWF self-association, PS binding was significantly higher than all other conditions. Error bars are standard deviation (SD). Statistical significance was determined with an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test; n.s., nonsignificant; ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .001; ∗∗∗∗P < .0001. Scale bar, 25 μm. DIC, differential interference contrast, PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane.

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