Production of metabolites and colonization resistance to fungi are promoted by CPX-351. (A) Levels of hexanoic acid and 3-IAld in the feces and serum of “7 + 3”- or CPX-351–treated mice. (B) Volcano plots showing the Spearman correlation analysis between the fecal microbiota at the sequence variant level and metabolites, according to the color legend. In the volcano plot, the difference between groups, expressed as logarithmic fold-change, is plotted vs the adjusted P value (Wilcoxon) of differential abundance evaluated with Q2-Aldex2. Horizontal dashed lines represent P = .1; P = .05; and P = .01. Vertical dashed lines represent fold change = 2. Colored taxa are the 30% with the strongest positive correlation values among those genera significantly associated by LEfSe (P < .05) with a treatment. Detection of fungi in the feces (C) by 18S RNA and (D) colony forming units in the feces and colon of Candida albicans–infected mice and (E) lung of Aspergillus fumigatus–infected mice treated with “7 + 3” combination or CPX-351 at 2 days after infection. Data are representative of 2 or 3 independent experiments. Each in vivo experiment includes 6 mice per group. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. ∗P < .05; ∗∗P < .01; ∗∗∗P < .001; treated vs untreated (None) mice, CPX-351 vs “7 + 3” treatment. One-way ANOVA, Bonferroni multiple comparison test.