Systematic review characteristics
| Population . | Outcome . | Study types . | Quality assessment and grading . | Statistical analysis . | RAMs identified . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Huang et al (2013)18 | |||||
| Hospitalized nonsurgical patients (studies that focused primarily on children, pregnant women, psychiatric patients, surgical patients, or outpatients were excluded) | VTE (DVT/PE); studies that only included patients with upper-extremity DVT were excluded | Prognostic model studies where the model was developed either by analyzing individual patient data or by expert consensus | • Studies that developed RAMs based on individual patient data: modified Downs and Black checklist • Studies that developed RAMs based on expert consensus: modified AGREE instrument • The quality score was expressed as a percentage of the total assigned score divided by the total maximum score of applicable items | • Narrative synthesis • No meta-analysis was done due to heterogeneous studies • Reported ORs or HRs of risk factors included in category I RAMs • C-statistics reported (model discrimination on derivation and/or validation data sets) | RAMs based on individual patient data: • Woller 2011 (Intermountain/4 element) • Spyropoulos 2011 (IMPROVE) • Rothberg 2011 (Multivariable model) • Alikhan 2004 (MEDENOX) • Weil-Engerer 2004 • Yale 2005 RAMs based on expert consensus: • Rocha 2007 • McCaffrey 2007 • Samama 2006 • Cohen 2005 • Caprini 2001 (Caprini) |
| Stuck et al (2017)19 | |||||
| Acutely ill medical patients (studies in non-medical, pediatric, pregnant, or psychiatric patients were excluded) | VTE (DVT/PE) | Prognostic model studies developed based on individual patient data or consensus | Not conducted | • Narrative synthesis • No meta-analysis was done | RAMs developed by derivation by identifying factors with predictive power: • 4-Element RAM • IMPROVE-RAM (multicenter external validation) • Multivariable model • Full logistic model RAMs generated empirically based on consensus approaches, published data, and clinical expertise: • Kucher RAM (multicenter external validation) • Geneva RAM (multicenter external validation) • Padua RAM (multicenter external validation) • Caprini RAM |
| Population . | Outcome . | Study types . | Quality assessment and grading . | Statistical analysis . | RAMs identified . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Huang et al (2013)18 | |||||
| Hospitalized nonsurgical patients (studies that focused primarily on children, pregnant women, psychiatric patients, surgical patients, or outpatients were excluded) | VTE (DVT/PE); studies that only included patients with upper-extremity DVT were excluded | Prognostic model studies where the model was developed either by analyzing individual patient data or by expert consensus | • Studies that developed RAMs based on individual patient data: modified Downs and Black checklist • Studies that developed RAMs based on expert consensus: modified AGREE instrument • The quality score was expressed as a percentage of the total assigned score divided by the total maximum score of applicable items | • Narrative synthesis • No meta-analysis was done due to heterogeneous studies • Reported ORs or HRs of risk factors included in category I RAMs • C-statistics reported (model discrimination on derivation and/or validation data sets) | RAMs based on individual patient data: • Woller 2011 (Intermountain/4 element) • Spyropoulos 2011 (IMPROVE) • Rothberg 2011 (Multivariable model) • Alikhan 2004 (MEDENOX) • Weil-Engerer 2004 • Yale 2005 RAMs based on expert consensus: • Rocha 2007 • McCaffrey 2007 • Samama 2006 • Cohen 2005 • Caprini 2001 (Caprini) |
| Stuck et al (2017)19 | |||||
| Acutely ill medical patients (studies in non-medical, pediatric, pregnant, or psychiatric patients were excluded) | VTE (DVT/PE) | Prognostic model studies developed based on individual patient data or consensus | Not conducted | • Narrative synthesis • No meta-analysis was done | RAMs developed by derivation by identifying factors with predictive power: • 4-Element RAM • IMPROVE-RAM (multicenter external validation) • Multivariable model • Full logistic model RAMs generated empirically based on consensus approaches, published data, and clinical expertise: • Kucher RAM (multicenter external validation) • Geneva RAM (multicenter external validation) • Padua RAM (multicenter external validation) • Caprini RAM |
AGREE, Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation; HR, hazard ratio; OR, odds ratio.