Comparison of the Effects of G-CSF on Proinflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Patterns
| Effect of G-CSF on the . | Model . | Reference . | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Proinflammatory Cytokine Pattern . | Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Pattern . | ||
| ↓ IL-2, IFN-γ | ↑ IL-4 | Mice, T-cell cytokine production | 58 |
| ↑ TNF-α | ↑ p55 and p75 sTNF-Rs, IL-1ra | Healthy volunteers, serum concentrations | 145 |
| — IL-1β | — IL-6 | ||
| ↑ TNF-α | ↑↑ p55 and p75 sTNF-Rs ↑↑ IL-1ra | Ex vivo whole blood cytokine production | 145 |
| ↓ TNF, IFN-γ, GM-CSF | ↑ p55 and p75 sTNF-Rs ↑ IL-1ra, IL-10 | Healthy volunteers, ex vivo whole blood cytokine production | 59 |
| ↑ TNF, IL-8 | ↑ sTNF-Rs | Healthy volunteers, LPS IV | 62 |
| ↑ IL-1ra ↑ IL-6 | G-CSF pretreatment IV 2 hours before LPS | ||
| − TNF | ↑ sTNF-Rs | G-CSF pretreatment SC 24 hours before LPS | 62 |
| ↓ IL-8 | — Il-1ra | ||
| — IL-6 | |||
| Effect of G-CSF on the . | Model . | Reference . | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Proinflammatory Cytokine Pattern . | Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Pattern . | ||
| ↓ IL-2, IFN-γ | ↑ IL-4 | Mice, T-cell cytokine production | 58 |
| ↑ TNF-α | ↑ p55 and p75 sTNF-Rs, IL-1ra | Healthy volunteers, serum concentrations | 145 |
| — IL-1β | — IL-6 | ||
| ↑ TNF-α | ↑↑ p55 and p75 sTNF-Rs ↑↑ IL-1ra | Ex vivo whole blood cytokine production | 145 |
| ↓ TNF, IFN-γ, GM-CSF | ↑ p55 and p75 sTNF-Rs ↑ IL-1ra, IL-10 | Healthy volunteers, ex vivo whole blood cytokine production | 59 |
| ↑ TNF, IL-8 | ↑ sTNF-Rs | Healthy volunteers, LPS IV | 62 |
| ↑ IL-1ra ↑ IL-6 | G-CSF pretreatment IV 2 hours before LPS | ||
| − TNF | ↑ sTNF-Rs | G-CSF pretreatment SC 24 hours before LPS | 62 |
| ↓ IL-8 | — Il-1ra | ||
| — IL-6 | |||
Abbreviations: ↑↑, strong increase; ↑, increase; —, no effect; ↓, decrease; IV, intravenously; SC, subcutaneously.