Risk of disease relapse and survival associated with biomarker status and patient characteristics
| Variables . | . | . | Positive, N (%) . | Relapse . | Death . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample source . | Method . | HR . | 95% CI . | P . | HR . | 95% CI . | P . | ||
| MRD persistence at 1 mo | |||||||||
| ctDNA | Serum | ddPCR | 20/47 (42.6) | 7.89 | 2.22-28.10 | .0014** | 8.24 | 1.77-38.37 | .0072** |
| Mutation | BM | ddPCR | 19/38 (50.0) | 8.03 | 1.79-35.96 | .0065** | 4.75 | 1.00-22.45 | .0494* |
| MC | BM | PCR/FISH | 11/45 (24.4) | 3.25 | 1.20-8.80 | .0202* | 1.22 | 0.33-4.53 | .7631 |
| FC | BM | Flow cytometry | 11/44 (25.0) | 0.33 | 0.07-1.48 | .1475 | 0.23 | 0.03-1.83 | .1650 |
| MRD persistence at 3 mo | |||||||||
| ctDNA | Serum | ddPCR | 14/44 (31.8) | 15.04 | 3.33-67.96 | .0004** | 8.04 | 1.66-38.88 | .0095** |
| Mutation | BM | ddPCR | 5/26 (19.2) | 13.03 | 2.36-72.04 | .0032** | 17.66 | 1.81-172.20 | .0135* |
| MC | BM | PCR/FISH | 5/38 (13.2) | 6.22 | 1.47-26.26 | .0129* | 5.78 | 0.95-35.06 | .0577 |
| FC | BM | Flow cytometry | 20/38 (52.6) | 0.91 | 0.25-3.45 | .9005 | 1.16 | 0.19-7.03 | .8751 |
| ctDNA kinetics | |||||||||
| Increasing | Serum | ddPCR | 6/40 (15.0) | 28.47 | 5.59-145.00 | .0001** | 17.35 | 3.21-93.68 | .0009** |
| Decreasing/stable | Serum | ddPCR | 11/40 (27.5) | 4.15 | 0.76-22.65 | .0868 | 1.04 | 0.09-11.44 | .977 |
| Both negative | Serum | ddPCR | 23/40 (57.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Adverse prognostic variables | |||||||||
| Complex karyotype | BM | G-BAND | 15/51 (29.4) | 2.41 | 0.90-6.46 | .0794 | 1.73 | 0.53-5.52 | .3575 |
| −7/del7q karyotype | BM | FISH/G-BAND | 8/51 (15.7) | 0.67 | 0.15-2.97 | .6010 | 1.05 | 0.23-4.82 | .9494 |
| FLT3-ITD | BM/PB | PCR/NGS | 12/51 (23.5) | 2.47 | 0.89-6.85 | .0813 | 2.69 | 0.84-8.58 | .0953 |
| TP53 mutation | BM/PB | NGS | 6/51 (11.8) | 2.28 | 0.65-8.05 | .1999 | 3.27 | 0.88-12.12 | .0761 |
| RAS pathway mutation | BM/PB | NGS | 19/51 (37.3) | 2.59 | 0.96-6.99 | .0605 | 1.84 | 0.59-5.74 | .2911 |
| Age > 65 y | 8/51 (15.7) | 1.21 | 0.27-5.39 | .8040 | 2.81 | 0.74-10.75 | .1308 | ||
| Male | 29/51 (56.9) | 0.69 | 0.26-1.85 | .4601 | 0.68 | 0.22-2.11 | .5037 | ||
| Relapsed or refractory disease at alloSCT | 25/51 (49.0) | 1.91 | 0.71-5.63 | .2049 | 3.23 | 0.96-14.55 | .0584 | ||
| Variables . | . | . | Positive, N (%) . | Relapse . | Death . | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample source . | Method . | HR . | 95% CI . | P . | HR . | 95% CI . | P . | ||
| MRD persistence at 1 mo | |||||||||
| ctDNA | Serum | ddPCR | 20/47 (42.6) | 7.89 | 2.22-28.10 | .0014** | 8.24 | 1.77-38.37 | .0072** |
| Mutation | BM | ddPCR | 19/38 (50.0) | 8.03 | 1.79-35.96 | .0065** | 4.75 | 1.00-22.45 | .0494* |
| MC | BM | PCR/FISH | 11/45 (24.4) | 3.25 | 1.20-8.80 | .0202* | 1.22 | 0.33-4.53 | .7631 |
| FC | BM | Flow cytometry | 11/44 (25.0) | 0.33 | 0.07-1.48 | .1475 | 0.23 | 0.03-1.83 | .1650 |
| MRD persistence at 3 mo | |||||||||
| ctDNA | Serum | ddPCR | 14/44 (31.8) | 15.04 | 3.33-67.96 | .0004** | 8.04 | 1.66-38.88 | .0095** |
| Mutation | BM | ddPCR | 5/26 (19.2) | 13.03 | 2.36-72.04 | .0032** | 17.66 | 1.81-172.20 | .0135* |
| MC | BM | PCR/FISH | 5/38 (13.2) | 6.22 | 1.47-26.26 | .0129* | 5.78 | 0.95-35.06 | .0577 |
| FC | BM | Flow cytometry | 20/38 (52.6) | 0.91 | 0.25-3.45 | .9005 | 1.16 | 0.19-7.03 | .8751 |
| ctDNA kinetics | |||||||||
| Increasing | Serum | ddPCR | 6/40 (15.0) | 28.47 | 5.59-145.00 | .0001** | 17.35 | 3.21-93.68 | .0009** |
| Decreasing/stable | Serum | ddPCR | 11/40 (27.5) | 4.15 | 0.76-22.65 | .0868 | 1.04 | 0.09-11.44 | .977 |
| Both negative | Serum | ddPCR | 23/40 (57.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Adverse prognostic variables | |||||||||
| Complex karyotype | BM | G-BAND | 15/51 (29.4) | 2.41 | 0.90-6.46 | .0794 | 1.73 | 0.53-5.52 | .3575 |
| −7/del7q karyotype | BM | FISH/G-BAND | 8/51 (15.7) | 0.67 | 0.15-2.97 | .6010 | 1.05 | 0.23-4.82 | .9494 |
| FLT3-ITD | BM/PB | PCR/NGS | 12/51 (23.5) | 2.47 | 0.89-6.85 | .0813 | 2.69 | 0.84-8.58 | .0953 |
| TP53 mutation | BM/PB | NGS | 6/51 (11.8) | 2.28 | 0.65-8.05 | .1999 | 3.27 | 0.88-12.12 | .0761 |
| RAS pathway mutation | BM/PB | NGS | 19/51 (37.3) | 2.59 | 0.96-6.99 | .0605 | 1.84 | 0.59-5.74 | .2911 |
| Age > 65 y | 8/51 (15.7) | 1.21 | 0.27-5.39 | .8040 | 2.81 | 0.74-10.75 | .1308 | ||
| Male | 29/51 (56.9) | 0.69 | 0.26-1.85 | .4601 | 0.68 | 0.22-2.11 | .5037 | ||
| Relapsed or refractory disease at alloSCT | 25/51 (49.0) | 1.91 | 0.71-5.63 | .2049 | 3.23 | 0.96-14.55 | .0584 | ||
CI, confidence interval; FISH, fluorescence in situ hybridization; FLT3-ITD, fms-like tyrosine kinase 3–internal tandem duplication.
P < .05; **P < .01.