Causes of iron-deficiency anemia in the preoperative setting
| Causes of preoperative iron-deficiency anemia . |
|---|
| Too much iron OUT |
| Increased loss |
| • Blood loss, eg, gastrointestinal, gynecological bleeding |
| • Blood donation |
| Increased requirements |
| • Rapid growth in infants and children |
| • Pregnancy |
| • Use of ESAs |
| Too little iron IN |
| Decreased iron intake |
| • Iron-poor diet |
| • Vegetarian or vegan |
| Decreased absorption |
| • Celiac disease |
| • Gastrectomy, gastric bypass, gut resection |
| • Helicobacter pylori |
| • Inflammatory bowel disease |
| • Drugs: antacids, proton pump inhibitors |
| • Foods: calcium, tannins (tea, coffee), phytates |
| Causes of preoperative iron-deficiency anemia . |
|---|
| Too much iron OUT |
| Increased loss |
| • Blood loss, eg, gastrointestinal, gynecological bleeding |
| • Blood donation |
| Increased requirements |
| • Rapid growth in infants and children |
| • Pregnancy |
| • Use of ESAs |
| Too little iron IN |
| Decreased iron intake |
| • Iron-poor diet |
| • Vegetarian or vegan |
| Decreased absorption |
| • Celiac disease |
| • Gastrectomy, gastric bypass, gut resection |
| • Helicobacter pylori |
| • Inflammatory bowel disease |
| • Drugs: antacids, proton pump inhibitors |
| • Foods: calcium, tannins (tea, coffee), phytates |