Baseline characteristics of study population by case status
| Risk factor . | Controls, n = 1564 . | Cases, n = 526 . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Mean age at randomization ± SD, y | 66.3 ± 6.64 | 67.2 ± 6.53 | .006 |
| Ethnicity, % | .14 | ||
| African American | 5.75 | 8.17 | — |
| White | 91.4 | 88.8 | — |
| Other nonwhite | 2.88 | 3.04 | — |
| Health-related behaviors, %; | |||
| Currently smoking | 11.9 | 13.1 | .46 |
| Any alcohol consumption | 42.7 | 36.9 | .02 |
| Exercise* | 40.6 | 36.1 | .06 |
| Medical conditions, %; | |||
| Diabetes† | 18.4 | 30.3 | < .001 |
| Receiving insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents | 14.1 | 27.0 | < .001 |
| At least 2 previous MIs | 4.6 | 6.08 | .18 |
| Previous PTCA | 44.6 | 44.3 | .89 |
| Physical examination | |||
| Mean BMI ± SD, kg/m2 | 28.5 ± 5.44 | 28.8 ± 5.37 | .36 |
| Mean waist-to-hip ratio, ± SD | 0.87 ± 0.08 | 0.88 ± 0.08 | .004 |
| High blood pressure, %‡ | 56.7 | 63.9 | .004 |
| History or symptoms of CHF, % | 10.2 | 14.8 | .004 |
| Laboratory results | |||
| Mean LDL cholesterol level ± SD, mg/dL | 144.1 ± 37.7 | 146.3 ± 38.3 | .25 |
| Mean HDL cholesterol level ± SD, mg/dL | 50.6 ± 13.1 | 49.7 ± 12.7 | .17 |
| Mean triglyceride level ± SD, mg/dL | 165.4 ± 63.3 | 170.2 ± 63.8 | .13 |
| Creatinine clearance, mL/min | 62.4 ± 19.1 | 59.9 ± 19.6 | .009 |
| Concomitant medication, %; | |||
| Aspirin use | 81.7 | 77.4 | .02 |
| Statin use | 39.2 | 34.0 | .03 |
| Risk factor . | Controls, n = 1564 . | Cases, n = 526 . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Mean age at randomization ± SD, y | 66.3 ± 6.64 | 67.2 ± 6.53 | .006 |
| Ethnicity, % | .14 | ||
| African American | 5.75 | 8.17 | — |
| White | 91.4 | 88.8 | — |
| Other nonwhite | 2.88 | 3.04 | — |
| Health-related behaviors, %; | |||
| Currently smoking | 11.9 | 13.1 | .46 |
| Any alcohol consumption | 42.7 | 36.9 | .02 |
| Exercise* | 40.6 | 36.1 | .06 |
| Medical conditions, %; | |||
| Diabetes† | 18.4 | 30.3 | < .001 |
| Receiving insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents | 14.1 | 27.0 | < .001 |
| At least 2 previous MIs | 4.6 | 6.08 | .18 |
| Previous PTCA | 44.6 | 44.3 | .89 |
| Physical examination | |||
| Mean BMI ± SD, kg/m2 | 28.5 ± 5.44 | 28.8 ± 5.37 | .36 |
| Mean waist-to-hip ratio, ± SD | 0.87 ± 0.08 | 0.88 ± 0.08 | .004 |
| High blood pressure, %‡ | 56.7 | 63.9 | .004 |
| History or symptoms of CHF, % | 10.2 | 14.8 | .004 |
| Laboratory results | |||
| Mean LDL cholesterol level ± SD, mg/dL | 144.1 ± 37.7 | 146.3 ± 38.3 | .25 |
| Mean HDL cholesterol level ± SD, mg/dL | 50.6 ± 13.1 | 49.7 ± 12.7 | .17 |
| Mean triglyceride level ± SD, mg/dL | 165.4 ± 63.3 | 170.2 ± 63.8 | .13 |
| Creatinine clearance, mL/min | 62.4 ± 19.1 | 59.9 ± 19.6 | .009 |
| Concomitant medication, %; | |||
| Aspirin use | 81.7 | 77.4 | .02 |
| Statin use | 39.2 | 34.0 | .03 |
To convert LDL and HDL cholesterol levels from milligrams per deciliter to millimoles per liter, multiply each level by 0.02586. To convert triglyceride level from milligrams per deciliter to millimoles per liter, multiply triglyceride level by 0.01129. To convert creatinine clearance from mililiters per minute to milliliters per second, divide milliliters per minute by 60.
— indicates not applicable; MI, myocardial infarction; PTCA, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; BMI, body mass index; and CHF, congestive heart failure.
Defined as regular participation in an exercise program or walking for at least 10 minutes per day.
Diabetes is defined as women reporting a history of diagnosis but no medication use and women with fasting plasma glucose levels greater than 6.94 mM (> 125 mg/dL).
High blood pressure is defined as systolic blood pressure of at least 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure of at least 90 mm Hg.