Cohort characteristics in HbAS versus HbAA children
| Characteristic, n (%) . | HbAA (n = 502) . | HbAS (n = 99) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age at enrollment, y (SD) | 5.9 (2.62) | 5.8 (2.73) | .69 |
| Bed net use | 217 (43.2%) | 41 (41.4%) | .74 |
| Insecticide-treated bed net use* | 31 (6.2%) | 7 (7.1%) | .34 |
| Living within 200 m of the swamp | 206 (41.0%) | 45 (45.5%) | .42 |
| Treatment arm | .79 | ||
| AQ + SP | 93 (18.5%) | 20 (20.2%) | |
| AQ + AS | 101 (20.1%) | 18 (18.2%) | |
| AL | 92 (18.3%) | 18 (18.2%) | |
| Severe malaria† | 4 (0.01%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Never had malaria | 212 (42.2%) | 43 (43.4%) | |
| Age distribution, y | .99 | ||
| 1-2 | 87 (17%) | 18 (18%) | |
| 3-4 | 110 (22%) | 20 (20%) | |
| 5-6 | 100 (20%) | 19 (19%) | |
| 7-8 | 115 (23%) | 23 (23%) | |
| 9-10 | 90 (18%) | 19 (19%) |
| Characteristic, n (%) . | HbAA (n = 502) . | HbAS (n = 99) . | P . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age at enrollment, y (SD) | 5.9 (2.62) | 5.8 (2.73) | .69 |
| Bed net use | 217 (43.2%) | 41 (41.4%) | .74 |
| Insecticide-treated bed net use* | 31 (6.2%) | 7 (7.1%) | .34 |
| Living within 200 m of the swamp | 206 (41.0%) | 45 (45.5%) | .42 |
| Treatment arm | .79 | ||
| AQ + SP | 93 (18.5%) | 20 (20.2%) | |
| AQ + AS | 101 (20.1%) | 18 (18.2%) | |
| AL | 92 (18.3%) | 18 (18.2%) | |
| Severe malaria† | 4 (0.01%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Never had malaria | 212 (42.2%) | 43 (43.4%) | |
| Age distribution, y | .99 | ||
| 1-2 | 87 (17%) | 18 (18%) | |
| 3-4 | 110 (22%) | 20 (20%) | |
| 5-6 | 100 (20%) | 19 (19%) | |
| 7-8 | 115 (23%) | 23 (23%) | |
| 9-10 | 90 (18%) | 19 (19%) |
AQ indicates amodiaquine; SP, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine; AS, artesunate; and AL, artemether-lumefantrine.
All children were given long-lasting, insecticide-treated bed nets in the last 2 months of follow-up, between May and June of 2006.
Children received quinine for treatment of severe malaria. Four children had only 1 episode of complicated malaria and no episodes of uncomplicated malaria and were not randomized to a treatment arm.