Adhesion molecules, chemokine receptors, and chemokines involved in lymphocyte homing and lymphoma dissemination
| Receptor . | Expression on lymphocytes . | Expression on lymphomas . | Ligands . | Predominant sites of homing . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adhesion molecules | ||||
| L-selectin | Naive T and B cells, central memory T cells | B-CLL, MCL, MZBCL, nodal FL, DLBCL, nodal PTCL | PNAd (MAdCAM-1) | PLN |
| CLA | Skin homing T cells | CTCL | E-selectin | Skin |
| α4β7 | Naive T and B cells (low), gut-homing T-cells (high), IgA plasmablasts | GI-tract MCL (MLP), GI-tract MZBCL (maltoma), GI-tract FL, GI-tract PTCL (EA-TCL) | MAdCAM-1 (VCAM-1) | Gut |
| αEβ7 | Intraepithelial T cells | GI-tract PTCL, GI-tract MZBCLs | E-cadherin | Epithelium |
| αLβ2 (LFA-1) | Broad expression on T and B cells | Broad expression on T- and B-cell lymphomas and MM | ICAM-1 ICAM-2 | Multiple sites |
| α4β1 (VLA-4) | Broad expression on T and B cells | Broad expression on T- and B-cell lymphomas and MM | VCAM-1 | Inflammatory sites and bone marrow |
| Chemokine receptors | ||||
| CCR4 | Skin-homing T cells | CTCL | CCL17* (TARC) | Skin |
| CCR7 | Naive T cells, central memory T cells | CTCL, MCL | CCL21* (SLC) | PLN |
| CCR9 | Gut-homing T cells, intraepithelial T cells, IgA plasmablasts | Unknown | CCL25* (TECK) | Intestinal mucosa and crypt epithelium |
| CCR10 | Skin-homing T cells, IgA plasma blasts | CTCL unknown | CCL27* (CTAK) CCL28* (MEC) | Skin, intestine |
| CXCR4 | Pre-B cells, B cells, plasma cells | Broad expression on T- and B-cell lymphomas and MM | CXCL12* (SDF-1) | Secondary lymphoid tissues and BM, migration to GCs |
| CXCR5 | Mature B cells | Broad expression on T- and B-cell lymphomas | CXCL13* (BLC/BCA-1) | Migration to GCs in PLN and Peyer patches |
| Receptor . | Expression on lymphocytes . | Expression on lymphomas . | Ligands . | Predominant sites of homing . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adhesion molecules | ||||
| L-selectin | Naive T and B cells, central memory T cells | B-CLL, MCL, MZBCL, nodal FL, DLBCL, nodal PTCL | PNAd (MAdCAM-1) | PLN |
| CLA | Skin homing T cells | CTCL | E-selectin | Skin |
| α4β7 | Naive T and B cells (low), gut-homing T-cells (high), IgA plasmablasts | GI-tract MCL (MLP), GI-tract MZBCL (maltoma), GI-tract FL, GI-tract PTCL (EA-TCL) | MAdCAM-1 (VCAM-1) | Gut |
| αEβ7 | Intraepithelial T cells | GI-tract PTCL, GI-tract MZBCLs | E-cadherin | Epithelium |
| αLβ2 (LFA-1) | Broad expression on T and B cells | Broad expression on T- and B-cell lymphomas and MM | ICAM-1 ICAM-2 | Multiple sites |
| α4β1 (VLA-4) | Broad expression on T and B cells | Broad expression on T- and B-cell lymphomas and MM | VCAM-1 | Inflammatory sites and bone marrow |
| Chemokine receptors | ||||
| CCR4 | Skin-homing T cells | CTCL | CCL17* (TARC) | Skin |
| CCR7 | Naive T cells, central memory T cells | CTCL, MCL | CCL21* (SLC) | PLN |
| CCR9 | Gut-homing T cells, intraepithelial T cells, IgA plasmablasts | Unknown | CCL25* (TECK) | Intestinal mucosa and crypt epithelium |
| CCR10 | Skin-homing T cells, IgA plasma blasts | CTCL unknown | CCL27* (CTAK) CCL28* (MEC) | Skin, intestine |
| CXCR4 | Pre-B cells, B cells, plasma cells | Broad expression on T- and B-cell lymphomas and MM | CXCL12* (SDF-1) | Secondary lymphoid tissues and BM, migration to GCs |
| CXCR5 | Mature B cells | Broad expression on T- and B-cell lymphomas | CXCL13* (BLC/BCA-1) | Migration to GCs in PLN and Peyer patches |
Only adhesion molecules, chemokines, and their receptors with major functions in tissue-specific lymphocyte homing are listed. The αβ heterodimers belong to the integrin family.
VLA indicates very late antigen; MZBCL, marginal zone B-cell lymphoma; MAdCAM, mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule; EA-TCL, enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma; MM, multiple myeloma; VCAM, vascular cell adhesion molecule; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule; CLA, cutaneous lymphocyte antigen; ICAM, intercellular adhesion molecule; LFA, lymphocyte function–associated; MAdCAM, mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule; PNAd, peripheral lymph node addressin; VCAM, vascular cell adhesion molecule; VLA, very late antigens; B-CLL, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia; BM, bone marrow; MCL, mantle cell lymphoma; MLP, malignant lymphomatous polyposis; MZBL, marginal zone B-cell lymphoma; FL, follicular lymphoma; DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; PLN, peripheral lymph node; PTCL, peripheral T-cell lymphoma; EA-TCL, entheropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma; MM, multiple myeloma; and CTCL, cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.
Chemokines.