Multivariate survival analysis: 2-year all-cause, cancer, and noncancer mortality
| . | All-cause mortality . | Cancer mortality . | Noncancer mortality . | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR . | 95% CI . | P . | HR . | 95% CI . | P . | HR . | 95% CI . | P . | ||||
| First-line treatment | ||||||||||||
| Chemotherapy alone | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Rituximab + chemotherapy | 0.58 | 0.41 | 0.82 | < .01 | 0.56 | 0.37 | 0.84 | < .01 | 0.83 | 0.25 | 2.80 | .77 |
| Year of diagnosis* | ||||||||||||
| 1999-2002 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| 2003-2005 | 0.64 | 0.39 | 1.05 | .08 | 0.55 | 0.30 | 1.00 | .05 | 0.72 | 0.12 | 4.24 | .72 |
| Age at diagnosis, y | ||||||||||||
| 66-70 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| 71-75 | 1.12 | 0.75 | 1.67 | .58 | 1.14 | 0.71 | 1.83 | .60 | 0.62 | 0.17 | 2.21 | .46 |
| 76-80 | 1.55 | 1.05 | 2.30 | .03 | 1.79 | 1.13 | 2.82 | .01 | 0.46 | 0.12 | 1.74 | .25 |
| > 80 | 2.04 | 1.37 | 3.05 | < .001 | 2.36 | 1.47 | 3.77 | < .001 | 0.60 | 0.16 | 2.17 | .43 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Male | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Female | 0.64 | 0.48 | 0.85 | < .01 | 0.62 | 0.45 | 0.87 | < .01 | 1.07 | 0.41 | 2.78 | .89 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||
| White | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Black | 0.85 | 0.39 | 1.88 | .69 | 0.67 | 0.24 | 1.89 | .45 | 2.30 | 0.25 | 20.95 | .46 |
| Hispanic | 0.64 | 0.30 | 1.39 | .26 | 0.73 | 0.32 | 1.69 | .46 | 2.53 | 0.24 | 26.88 | .44 |
| Other | 0.82 | 0.39 | 1.69 | .58 | 0.64 | 0.26 | 1.61 | .35 | 4.59 | 0.84 | 25.10 | .08 |
| Stage at diagnosis | ||||||||||||
| I/II | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| III/IV | 1.44 | 0.98 | 2.12 | .06 | 1.61 | 1.00 | 2.58 | .05 | 1.07 | 0.37 | 3.10 | .91 |
| Unknown/not stated | 0.95 | 0.47 | 1.94 | .89 | 1.40 | 0.64 | 3.08 | .40 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 1.80 | .15 |
| Extranodal involvement | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.11 | 0.80 | 1.53 | .55 | 1.31 | 0.88 | 1.95 | .18 | 0.18 | 0.06 | 0.53 | < .01 |
| Presence of “B” symptoms | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.58 | 1.12 | 2.25 | .01 | 1.47 | 0.97 | 2.23 | .07 | 1.55 | 0.41 | 5.81 | .52 |
| Unknown | 1.01 | 0.74 | 1.37 | .96 | 1.07 | 0.76 | 1.52 | .69 | 1.75 | 0.60 | 5.11 | .31 |
| Anemia | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.10 | 0.76 | 1.58 | .62 | 1.09 | 0.72 | 1.65 | .69 | 0.83 | 0.17 | 3.97 | .82 |
| Leukocytosis | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.20 | 0.83 | 1.73 | .33 | 1.36 | 0.91 | 2.02 | .13 | 0.42 | 0.04 | 4.22 | .46 |
| NCI Comorbidity Index | ||||||||||||
| 0 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| 1 | 1.05 | 0.77 | 1.43 | .76 | 1.05 | 0.74 | 1.50 | .78 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 1.44 | .10 |
| 2 | 0.84 | 0.45 | 1.54 | .57 | 0.60 | 0.27 | 1.32 | .20 | 1.96 | 0.49 | 7.90 | .34 |
| ≥ 3 | 1.37 | 0.82 | 2.28 | .23 | 1.42 | 0.79 | 2.56 | .24 | 0.84 | 0.13 | 5.51 | .86 |
| Performance status indicators | ||||||||||||
| None | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| ≥ 1 | 1.52 | 1.09 | 2.12 | .01 | 1.51 | 1.03 | 2.20 | .04 | 2.92 | 0.83 | 10.26 | .09 |
| Percent in census tract with some college | ||||||||||||
| < 25% | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| > 25% | 0.95 | 0.72 | 1.25 | .71 | 0.87 | 0.63 | 1.19 | .38 | 1.78 | 0.59 | 5.36 | .30 |
| Percent in census tract living in poverty | ||||||||||||
| < 5% | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| 5%-7% | 1.06 | 0.71 | 1.60 | .77 | 1.07 | 0.67 | 1.70 | .79 | 1.52 | 0.42 | 5.58 | .53 |
| 8%-12% | 1.20 | 0.83 | 1.72 | .33 | 1.31 | 0.87 | 1.97 | .20 | 1.01 | 0.27 | 3.83 | .99 |
| > 12% | 1.48 | 1.05 | 2.11 | .03 | 1.35 | 0.89 | 2.03 | .15 | 1.64 | 0.46 | 5.79 | .44 |
| Type of geographic area | ||||||||||||
| Large metropolitan | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Metropolitan | 0.82 | 0.60 | 1.11 | .19 | 0.79 | 0.56 | 1.13 | .20 | 0.25 | 0.07 | 0.90 | .03 |
| Urban | 1.04 | 0.61 | 1.76 | .89 | 0.69 | 0.34 | 1.41 | .31 | 0.55 | 0.06 | 4.79 | .58 |
| Less urban/rural | 0.69 | 0.43 | 1.10 | 0.12 | 0.78 | 0.46 | 1.30 | .34 | 0.27 | 0.03 | 2.37 | .23 |
| . | All-cause mortality . | Cancer mortality . | Noncancer mortality . | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR . | 95% CI . | P . | HR . | 95% CI . | P . | HR . | 95% CI . | P . | ||||
| First-line treatment | ||||||||||||
| Chemotherapy alone | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Rituximab + chemotherapy | 0.58 | 0.41 | 0.82 | < .01 | 0.56 | 0.37 | 0.84 | < .01 | 0.83 | 0.25 | 2.80 | .77 |
| Year of diagnosis* | ||||||||||||
| 1999-2002 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| 2003-2005 | 0.64 | 0.39 | 1.05 | .08 | 0.55 | 0.30 | 1.00 | .05 | 0.72 | 0.12 | 4.24 | .72 |
| Age at diagnosis, y | ||||||||||||
| 66-70 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| 71-75 | 1.12 | 0.75 | 1.67 | .58 | 1.14 | 0.71 | 1.83 | .60 | 0.62 | 0.17 | 2.21 | .46 |
| 76-80 | 1.55 | 1.05 | 2.30 | .03 | 1.79 | 1.13 | 2.82 | .01 | 0.46 | 0.12 | 1.74 | .25 |
| > 80 | 2.04 | 1.37 | 3.05 | < .001 | 2.36 | 1.47 | 3.77 | < .001 | 0.60 | 0.16 | 2.17 | .43 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Male | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Female | 0.64 | 0.48 | 0.85 | < .01 | 0.62 | 0.45 | 0.87 | < .01 | 1.07 | 0.41 | 2.78 | .89 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||
| White | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Black | 0.85 | 0.39 | 1.88 | .69 | 0.67 | 0.24 | 1.89 | .45 | 2.30 | 0.25 | 20.95 | .46 |
| Hispanic | 0.64 | 0.30 | 1.39 | .26 | 0.73 | 0.32 | 1.69 | .46 | 2.53 | 0.24 | 26.88 | .44 |
| Other | 0.82 | 0.39 | 1.69 | .58 | 0.64 | 0.26 | 1.61 | .35 | 4.59 | 0.84 | 25.10 | .08 |
| Stage at diagnosis | ||||||||||||
| I/II | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| III/IV | 1.44 | 0.98 | 2.12 | .06 | 1.61 | 1.00 | 2.58 | .05 | 1.07 | 0.37 | 3.10 | .91 |
| Unknown/not stated | 0.95 | 0.47 | 1.94 | .89 | 1.40 | 0.64 | 3.08 | .40 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 1.80 | .15 |
| Extranodal involvement | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.11 | 0.80 | 1.53 | .55 | 1.31 | 0.88 | 1.95 | .18 | 0.18 | 0.06 | 0.53 | < .01 |
| Presence of “B” symptoms | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.58 | 1.12 | 2.25 | .01 | 1.47 | 0.97 | 2.23 | .07 | 1.55 | 0.41 | 5.81 | .52 |
| Unknown | 1.01 | 0.74 | 1.37 | .96 | 1.07 | 0.76 | 1.52 | .69 | 1.75 | 0.60 | 5.11 | .31 |
| Anemia | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.10 | 0.76 | 1.58 | .62 | 1.09 | 0.72 | 1.65 | .69 | 0.83 | 0.17 | 3.97 | .82 |
| Leukocytosis | ||||||||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Yes | 1.20 | 0.83 | 1.73 | .33 | 1.36 | 0.91 | 2.02 | .13 | 0.42 | 0.04 | 4.22 | .46 |
| NCI Comorbidity Index | ||||||||||||
| 0 | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| 1 | 1.05 | 0.77 | 1.43 | .76 | 1.05 | 0.74 | 1.50 | .78 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 1.44 | .10 |
| 2 | 0.84 | 0.45 | 1.54 | .57 | 0.60 | 0.27 | 1.32 | .20 | 1.96 | 0.49 | 7.90 | .34 |
| ≥ 3 | 1.37 | 0.82 | 2.28 | .23 | 1.42 | 0.79 | 2.56 | .24 | 0.84 | 0.13 | 5.51 | .86 |
| Performance status indicators | ||||||||||||
| None | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| ≥ 1 | 1.52 | 1.09 | 2.12 | .01 | 1.51 | 1.03 | 2.20 | .04 | 2.92 | 0.83 | 10.26 | .09 |
| Percent in census tract with some college | ||||||||||||
| < 25% | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| > 25% | 0.95 | 0.72 | 1.25 | .71 | 0.87 | 0.63 | 1.19 | .38 | 1.78 | 0.59 | 5.36 | .30 |
| Percent in census tract living in poverty | ||||||||||||
| < 5% | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| 5%-7% | 1.06 | 0.71 | 1.60 | .77 | 1.07 | 0.67 | 1.70 | .79 | 1.52 | 0.42 | 5.58 | .53 |
| 8%-12% | 1.20 | 0.83 | 1.72 | .33 | 1.31 | 0.87 | 1.97 | .20 | 1.01 | 0.27 | 3.83 | .99 |
| > 12% | 1.48 | 1.05 | 2.11 | .03 | 1.35 | 0.89 | 2.03 | .15 | 1.64 | 0.46 | 5.79 | .44 |
| Type of geographic area | ||||||||||||
| Large metropolitan | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Metropolitan | 0.82 | 0.60 | 1.11 | .19 | 0.79 | 0.56 | 1.13 | .20 | 0.25 | 0.07 | 0.90 | .03 |
| Urban | 1.04 | 0.61 | 1.76 | .89 | 0.69 | 0.34 | 1.41 | .31 | 0.55 | 0.06 | 4.79 | .58 |
| Less urban/rural | 0.69 | 0.43 | 1.10 | 0.12 | 0.78 | 0.46 | 1.30 | .34 | 0.27 | 0.03 | 2.37 | .23 |
All models also included an interaction term between type of first-line therapy and year of diagnosis. The interaction term did not meet the threshold for statistical significance (P ≤ .05) in any of the models.