Associations between family and medical history risk factors and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, by lymphoma subtype
| Exposure . | Controls, N† . | All NHL combined* . | DLBCL . | Follicular lymphoma . | Marginal zone lymphoma . | CLL/SLL . | P homo-geneity . | Lowest P value from pairwise analysis§ . | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | N† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | N† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | N† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | N† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | ||||
| Family history of NHL | |||||||||||||
| No | 969 | 1185 | 1.0 (reference) | 370 | 1.0 (reference) | 284 | 1.0 (reference) | 98 | 1.0 (reference) | 121 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 32 | 56 | 1.3 (0.8, 2.0) | 18 | 1.3 (0.7, 2.3) | 16 | 1.5 (0.8, 2.8) | 4 | 1.4 (0.5, 4.1) | 3 | 0.6 (0.2, 2.0) | .5 | CLL/SLL vs DLBCL, FL, MZ; P = .2 |
| Autoimmune conditions | |||||||||||||
| No | 996 | 1225 | 1.0 (reference) | 392 | 1.0 (reference) | 298 | 1.0 (reference) | 90 | 1.0 (reference) | 126 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 61 | 95 | 1.3 (0.9, 1.9) | 24 | 1.0 (0.6, 1.7) | 20 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.9) | 16 | 2.9 (1.6, 5.4) | 7 | 0.9 (0.4, 2.0) | .01 | MZ vs DLBCL, FL, CLL/SLL; P > .001 |
| Asthma | |||||||||||||
| No | 523 | 684 | 1.0 (reference) | 202 | 1.0 (reference) | 151 | 1.0 (reference) | 61 | 1.0 (reference) | 76 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 66 | 74 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.3) | 21 | 0.9 (0.5, 1.5) | 21 | 1.2 (0.7, 2.0) | 4 | 0.4 (0.2, 1.3) | 5 | 0.6 (0.2, 1.6) | .3 | MZ vs DLBCL, FL, CLL/SLL; P = .2 |
| Allergy | |||||||||||||
| No | 173 | 225 | 1.0 (reference) | 83 | 1.0 (reference) | 60 | 1.0 (reference) | 17 | 1.0 (reference) | 22 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 289 | 326 | 0.9 (0.7, 1.2) | 106 | 0.8 (0.5, 1.1) | 84 | 0.8 (0.6, 1.3) | 21 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.6) | 29 | 0.9 (0.5, 1.7) | .9 | DLBCL, FL vs MZ, CLL/SLL; P = .1 |
| Surgeries, total no. | |||||||||||||
| 0-6 | 112 | 97 | 1.0 (reference) | 29 | 1.0 (reference) | 17 | 1.0 (reference) | 7 | 1.0 (reference) | 11 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| 7-12 | 123 | 148 | 1.4 (1.0, 2.1) | 44 | 1.5 (0.9, 2.7) | 28 | 1.6 (0.8, 3.1) | 10 | 1.3 (0.5, 3.5) | 11 | 0.8 (0.3, 2.0) | ||
| 13-17 | 118 | 170 | 1.6 (1.1, 2.3) | 56 | 1.8 (1.0, 3.2) | 38 | 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) | 17 | 2.1 (0.8, 5.5) | 19 | 1.1 (0.5, 2.5) | ||
| 18-25 | 114 | 166 | 1.6 (1.1, 2.4) | 43 | 1.6 (0.9, 2.8) | 46 | 2.5 (1.3, 4.9) | 12 | 1.5 (0.6, 4.3) | 23 | 1.4 (0.6, 3.2) | ||
| 26+ | 122 | 177 | 1.6 (1.1, 2.4) | 51 | 1.7 (1.0, 3.1) | 43 | 2.1 (1.1, 4.2) | 19 | 2.2 (0.8, 6.0) | 17 | 0.9 (0.4, 2.1) | ||
| P trend | .1 | .1 | .01 | .1 | .7 | .5 | DLBCL, FL vs MZ, CLL/SLL; P = .02 | ||||||
| Transfusion | |||||||||||||
| No | 876 | 1108 | 1.0 (reference) | 352 | 1.0 (reference) | 265 | 1.0 (reference) | 83 | 1.0 (reference) | 117 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 170 | 199 | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) | 58 | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) | 50 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.5) | 22 | 1.4 (0.9, 2.4) | 16 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | .2 | CLL/SLL vs DLBCL, FL, MZ; P = .1 |
| Birth order | |||||||||||||
| First/middle | 327 | 402 | 1.0 (reference) | 104 | 1.0 (reference) | 100 | 1.0 (reference) | 35 | 1.0 (reference) | 43 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Last | 105 | 173 | 1.3 (1.0, 1.8) | 64 | 1.9 (1.2, 2.8) | 36 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.7) | 13 | 1.2 (0.6, 2.3) | 18 | 1.3 (0.7, 2.4) | .2 | DLBCL vs FL, MZ, CLL/SLL; P = .003 |
| Exposure . | Controls, N† . | All NHL combined* . | DLBCL . | Follicular lymphoma . | Marginal zone lymphoma . | CLL/SLL . | P homo-geneity . | Lowest P value from pairwise analysis§ . | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | N† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | N† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | N† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | N† . | OR (95% CI)‡ . | ||||
| Family history of NHL | |||||||||||||
| No | 969 | 1185 | 1.0 (reference) | 370 | 1.0 (reference) | 284 | 1.0 (reference) | 98 | 1.0 (reference) | 121 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 32 | 56 | 1.3 (0.8, 2.0) | 18 | 1.3 (0.7, 2.3) | 16 | 1.5 (0.8, 2.8) | 4 | 1.4 (0.5, 4.1) | 3 | 0.6 (0.2, 2.0) | .5 | CLL/SLL vs DLBCL, FL, MZ; P = .2 |
| Autoimmune conditions | |||||||||||||
| No | 996 | 1225 | 1.0 (reference) | 392 | 1.0 (reference) | 298 | 1.0 (reference) | 90 | 1.0 (reference) | 126 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 61 | 95 | 1.3 (0.9, 1.9) | 24 | 1.0 (0.6, 1.7) | 20 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.9) | 16 | 2.9 (1.6, 5.4) | 7 | 0.9 (0.4, 2.0) | .01 | MZ vs DLBCL, FL, CLL/SLL; P > .001 |
| Asthma | |||||||||||||
| No | 523 | 684 | 1.0 (reference) | 202 | 1.0 (reference) | 151 | 1.0 (reference) | 61 | 1.0 (reference) | 76 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 66 | 74 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.3) | 21 | 0.9 (0.5, 1.5) | 21 | 1.2 (0.7, 2.0) | 4 | 0.4 (0.2, 1.3) | 5 | 0.6 (0.2, 1.6) | .3 | MZ vs DLBCL, FL, CLL/SLL; P = .2 |
| Allergy | |||||||||||||
| No | 173 | 225 | 1.0 (reference) | 83 | 1.0 (reference) | 60 | 1.0 (reference) | 17 | 1.0 (reference) | 22 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 289 | 326 | 0.9 (0.7, 1.2) | 106 | 0.8 (0.5, 1.1) | 84 | 0.8 (0.6, 1.3) | 21 | 0.8 (0.4, 1.6) | 29 | 0.9 (0.5, 1.7) | .9 | DLBCL, FL vs MZ, CLL/SLL; P = .1 |
| Surgeries, total no. | |||||||||||||
| 0-6 | 112 | 97 | 1.0 (reference) | 29 | 1.0 (reference) | 17 | 1.0 (reference) | 7 | 1.0 (reference) | 11 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| 7-12 | 123 | 148 | 1.4 (1.0, 2.1) | 44 | 1.5 (0.9, 2.7) | 28 | 1.6 (0.8, 3.1) | 10 | 1.3 (0.5, 3.5) | 11 | 0.8 (0.3, 2.0) | ||
| 13-17 | 118 | 170 | 1.6 (1.1, 2.3) | 56 | 1.8 (1.0, 3.2) | 38 | 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) | 17 | 2.1 (0.8, 5.5) | 19 | 1.1 (0.5, 2.5) | ||
| 18-25 | 114 | 166 | 1.6 (1.1, 2.4) | 43 | 1.6 (0.9, 2.8) | 46 | 2.5 (1.3, 4.9) | 12 | 1.5 (0.6, 4.3) | 23 | 1.4 (0.6, 3.2) | ||
| 26+ | 122 | 177 | 1.6 (1.1, 2.4) | 51 | 1.7 (1.0, 3.1) | 43 | 2.1 (1.1, 4.2) | 19 | 2.2 (0.8, 6.0) | 17 | 0.9 (0.4, 2.1) | ||
| P trend | .1 | .1 | .01 | .1 | .7 | .5 | DLBCL, FL vs MZ, CLL/SLL; P = .02 | ||||||
| Transfusion | |||||||||||||
| No | 876 | 1108 | 1.0 (reference) | 352 | 1.0 (reference) | 265 | 1.0 (reference) | 83 | 1.0 (reference) | 117 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 170 | 199 | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) | 58 | 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) | 50 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.5) | 22 | 1.4 (0.9, 2.4) | 16 | 0.7 (0.4, 1.2) | .2 | CLL/SLL vs DLBCL, FL, MZ; P = .1 |
| Birth order | |||||||||||||
| First/middle | 327 | 402 | 1.0 (reference) | 104 | 1.0 (reference) | 100 | 1.0 (reference) | 35 | 1.0 (reference) | 43 | 1.0 (reference) | ||
| Last | 105 | 173 | 1.3 (1.0, 1.8) | 64 | 1.9 (1.2, 2.8) | 36 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.7) | 13 | 1.2 (0.6, 2.3) | 18 | 1.3 (0.7, 2.4) | .2 | DLBCL vs FL, MZ, CLL/SLL; P = .003 |
CLL/SLL indicates chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma; DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; FL, follicular lymphoma; MZL, marginal zone lymphoma; and NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Includes all NHL cases in the study, regardless of histologic subtype (N = 1320, excludes one DLBCL case resulting from missing data on education).
Counts may not sum to the total because of missing data. For some exposures, a split-sample design was used so that only approximately 50% of participants were expected to provide information.
Odds ratios (95% CIs) estimated using polytomous logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, race, study center, and education.
To account for the seven comparisons within the pairwise analysis, we applied a Bonferroni correction and considered P < .007 to be statistically significant.