Lack of blueprints, direction or perfectibility (no intelligent design):

• - Random variation from “norm”

• - Just selects from best “fit” available

• - Constrained by pre-existing phenotypes/substrates

• - Physical/architectural constraints

Consequence:

• - Intrinsic limitations/fallibility

• - Trade-offs

Evolutionary adaptation has “no eyes to the future”

• - Reflects impact of contemporary pressures and adaptation as a short term fix

Consequence:

• - Mismatches between genotypes/environments

• - Stone Age “genetics” versus exotic modern lifestyles