Cytokines involved in the in vitro or in vivo differentiation of TDCs
Cytokine, experimental model . | Additional stimuli applied during in vitro differentiation . | Sources . |
|---|---|---|
| TNF-α | Verginis et al,32, Menges et al43 | |
| Suppression of EAT | Supernatant of a GM-CSF–transfected cell line | |
| Suppression of EAE | Supernatant of a GM-CSF–transfected cell line or GM-CSF | |
| GM-CSF | Gangi et al33 | |
| Suppression of EAT after in vivo provision of GM-CSF | NA | |
| IL-10/TGF-β | Sato et al44 | |
| Protection from lethal GVHD | GM-CSF | |
| G-CSF | Rutella and colleagues,39,40,46 Kared et al,45 Morris et al50 | |
| Differentiation of human monocyte-derived DCs | Post–G-CSF serum containing high levels of IL-10/IFN-α | |
| Provision of G-CSF in vivo to bone marrow donor mice | NA | |
| Provision of G-CSF in vivo to mice with EAE, diabetes, and lupus nephritis | NA | |
| IFN-λ | Mennechet and Uzé37 | |
| Differentiation of human monocyte-derived DCs | GM-CSF/IL-4 | |
| VIP | Chorny and colleagues34,47 | |
| Differentiation of mouse bone marrow–derived DCs for subsequent use in EAE and rheumatoid arthritis | GM-CSF | |
| Differentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived DCs for subsequent use in posttransplantation GVHD | GM-CSF | |
| M-CSF | Li et al38 | |
| Differentiation of human monocyte-derived DCs | IL-4 | |
| TGF-β | Faunce et al31 | |
| Treatment of EAE mice with thioglycolate-elicited, mouse peritoneal exudate cells | Antigen (MBP) | |
| HGF | Rutella et al41 | |
| Differentiation of human monocyte-derived DCs | None or GM-CSF | |
| IL-16/TPO | Della Bella et al36 | |
| Differentiation of human CD34-derived DCs | GM-CSF/IL-4/Flt3L/TNF-α/SCF | |
| IL-21 | Brandt et al35 | |
| Differentiation of mouse bone marrow–derived DCs | GM-CSF | |
| IL-10 | Allavena et al,29 Wakkach et al30 | |
| Differentiation of human monocyte–derived DCs | GM-CSF/IL-13 | |
| Differentiation of mouse bone marrow–derived DCs; isolation of their natural in vivo counterpart | GM-CSF/TNF-α | |
| TSLP | Watanabe et al42 | |
| Differentiation of human CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ thymocytes by TSLP-treated CD11c+ thymic DCs | None |
Cytokine, experimental model . | Additional stimuli applied during in vitro differentiation . | Sources . |
|---|---|---|
| TNF-α | Verginis et al,32, Menges et al43 | |
| Suppression of EAT | Supernatant of a GM-CSF–transfected cell line | |
| Suppression of EAE | Supernatant of a GM-CSF–transfected cell line or GM-CSF | |
| GM-CSF | Gangi et al33 | |
| Suppression of EAT after in vivo provision of GM-CSF | NA | |
| IL-10/TGF-β | Sato et al44 | |
| Protection from lethal GVHD | GM-CSF | |
| G-CSF | Rutella and colleagues,39,40,46 Kared et al,45 Morris et al50 | |
| Differentiation of human monocyte-derived DCs | Post–G-CSF serum containing high levels of IL-10/IFN-α | |
| Provision of G-CSF in vivo to bone marrow donor mice | NA | |
| Provision of G-CSF in vivo to mice with EAE, diabetes, and lupus nephritis | NA | |
| IFN-λ | Mennechet and Uzé37 | |
| Differentiation of human monocyte-derived DCs | GM-CSF/IL-4 | |
| VIP | Chorny and colleagues34,47 | |
| Differentiation of mouse bone marrow–derived DCs for subsequent use in EAE and rheumatoid arthritis | GM-CSF | |
| Differentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived DCs for subsequent use in posttransplantation GVHD | GM-CSF | |
| M-CSF | Li et al38 | |
| Differentiation of human monocyte-derived DCs | IL-4 | |
| TGF-β | Faunce et al31 | |
| Treatment of EAE mice with thioglycolate-elicited, mouse peritoneal exudate cells | Antigen (MBP) | |
| HGF | Rutella et al41 | |
| Differentiation of human monocyte-derived DCs | None or GM-CSF | |
| IL-16/TPO | Della Bella et al36 | |
| Differentiation of human CD34-derived DCs | GM-CSF/IL-4/Flt3L/TNF-α/SCF | |
| IL-21 | Brandt et al35 | |
| Differentiation of mouse bone marrow–derived DCs | GM-CSF | |
| IL-10 | Allavena et al,29 Wakkach et al30 | |
| Differentiation of human monocyte–derived DCs | GM-CSF/IL-13 | |
| Differentiation of mouse bone marrow–derived DCs; isolation of their natural in vivo counterpart | GM-CSF/TNF-α | |
| TSLP | Watanabe et al42 | |
| Differentiation of human CD4+ CD25+ FoxP3+ thymocytes by TSLP-treated CD11c+ thymic DCs | None |
EAT indicates experimental autoimmune thyroiditis; EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; NA, not applicable; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin; and MBP, myelin basic protein