Preclinical evidence: role of antibiotics in modulating microbiota and outcomes of IECTs
| Antibiotics . | Model . | Method . | Effects on microbiome . | Outcomes . | Ref . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin, 0.15 g/L Gentamicin, 0.2 g/L Bacitracin, 1 g/L Streptomycin, 2 g/L | CD19-CAR T cell → BALB/c with CD19+ lymphoma | Fed water ad libitum from 29 d before IECT throughout the experiment | Not mentioned | ↓ Spleen B-cell recovery ↑ Spleen CAR T-cell persistence | 84 |
| Vancomycin, 0.5 g/L | CD19-CAR T cell → BALB/c or B6 with CD19+ tumor cells | Fed water ad libitum for the duration of the experiment | ↓ α-diversity ↓ Ruminococcaceae ↓ Lachnospiraceae | ↓ Tumor size ↑ Spleen and tumor-infiltrating T cells | 85 |
| Vancomycin, 1 g/L Metronidazole, 1 g/L Cefoxitin, 1 g/L Gentamicin, 1 g/L | Marilyn T cells (Y chromosome–targeting TCR T) → male B6 | Fed water ad libitum for 2 wk before IECT | Gut decontamination | ↓ Marilyn T-cell infiltration in the gut ↓ GVHD | 86 |
| Vancomycin, 1 g/L Metronidazole, 1 g/L Cefoxitin, 1 g/L Gentamicin, 1 g/L | B6 + Marilyn T cells → female B6D2F1 | Fed water ad libitum from 14 d before IECT throughout the experiment | ↓ Commensal microbiota | ↓ Differentially expanded T-cell clones | 87 |
| Ciprofloxacin, 50 mg/kg per day | pmel-1 T cells (melanoma-targeting TCR T) → B6 with melanoma | Fed water ad libitum for 2 wk from 2 d before IECT | ↓ Microbial translocation in the mesenteric lymph nodes | ↑ Tumor size | 88 |
| Ciprofloxacin, 0.15 g/L Gentamicin, 0.2 g/L Bacitracin, 1 g/L Streptomycin, 2 g/L | HA-targeting CD4+ T cell → BALB/c with CT26HA tumors | Fed water ad libitum from 29 d before IECT throughout the experiment | Not mentioned | ↑ Tumor size | 84 |
| Polymyxin B, 1 mg/kg per day | pmel-1 T cells (melanoma-targeting TCR T) → B6 with melanoma | Fed water ad libitum for the duration of the experiment | Block the biological effect of gram-negative LPS | ↑ Tumor size | 88 |
| Antibiotics . | Model . | Method . | Effects on microbiome . | Outcomes . | Ref . |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ciprofloxacin, 0.15 g/L Gentamicin, 0.2 g/L Bacitracin, 1 g/L Streptomycin, 2 g/L | CD19-CAR T cell → BALB/c with CD19+ lymphoma | Fed water ad libitum from 29 d before IECT throughout the experiment | Not mentioned | ↓ Spleen B-cell recovery ↑ Spleen CAR T-cell persistence | 84 |
| Vancomycin, 0.5 g/L | CD19-CAR T cell → BALB/c or B6 with CD19+ tumor cells | Fed water ad libitum for the duration of the experiment | ↓ α-diversity ↓ Ruminococcaceae ↓ Lachnospiraceae | ↓ Tumor size ↑ Spleen and tumor-infiltrating T cells | 85 |
| Vancomycin, 1 g/L Metronidazole, 1 g/L Cefoxitin, 1 g/L Gentamicin, 1 g/L | Marilyn T cells (Y chromosome–targeting TCR T) → male B6 | Fed water ad libitum for 2 wk before IECT | Gut decontamination | ↓ Marilyn T-cell infiltration in the gut ↓ GVHD | 86 |
| Vancomycin, 1 g/L Metronidazole, 1 g/L Cefoxitin, 1 g/L Gentamicin, 1 g/L | B6 + Marilyn T cells → female B6D2F1 | Fed water ad libitum from 14 d before IECT throughout the experiment | ↓ Commensal microbiota | ↓ Differentially expanded T-cell clones | 87 |
| Ciprofloxacin, 50 mg/kg per day | pmel-1 T cells (melanoma-targeting TCR T) → B6 with melanoma | Fed water ad libitum for 2 wk from 2 d before IECT | ↓ Microbial translocation in the mesenteric lymph nodes | ↑ Tumor size | 88 |
| Ciprofloxacin, 0.15 g/L Gentamicin, 0.2 g/L Bacitracin, 1 g/L Streptomycin, 2 g/L | HA-targeting CD4+ T cell → BALB/c with CT26HA tumors | Fed water ad libitum from 29 d before IECT throughout the experiment | Not mentioned | ↑ Tumor size | 84 |
| Polymyxin B, 1 mg/kg per day | pmel-1 T cells (melanoma-targeting TCR T) → B6 with melanoma | Fed water ad libitum for the duration of the experiment | Block the biological effect of gram-negative LPS | ↑ Tumor size | 88 |
↑ represents increase and ↓ decrease.
LPS, lipopolysaccharides; Ref, reference.