Characteristics of patients with MM undergoing first autologous stem cell transplant from 2011 to 2018 in the United States
| Characteristic . | Number (%) . |
|---|---|
| No. of patients | 3948 |
| Median age at first auto-HSCT (min-max) | 61 (20-82) |
| Age at transplant, y | |
| 18-39 | 110 (3) |
| 40-49 | 471 (12) |
| 50-59 | 1256 (32) |
| 60-69 | 1727 (44) |
| 70+ | 384 (10) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 2156 (55) |
| Female | 1792 (45) |
| Region | |
| US | 3948 (100) |
| Recipient race | |
| White | 2298 (58) |
| Black or African-American | 1357 (34) |
| Other | 206 (5) |
| Missing | 87 (2) |
| Karnofsky score | |
| ≥ 90 | 2076 (53) |
| < 90 | 1798 (46) |
| Missing | 74 (2) |
| HCT-CI | |
| 0 | 1029 (26) |
| 1 | 559 (14) |
| 2 | 680 (17) |
| 3 | 744 (19) |
| 4 | 436 (11) |
| 5 | 216 (5) |
| 6+ | 264 (7) |
| Missing | 20 (1) |
| History of solid tumor (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers) | |
| No | 3591 (91) |
| Yes | 334 (8) |
| Missing | 23 (1) |
| History of malignancy (any prior malignancy including solid tumors) | |
| No | 3544 (90) |
| Yes | 404 (10) |
| ISS stage at diagnosis | |
| ISS stage I | 1232 (31) |
| ISS stage II | 1105 (28) |
| ISS stage III | 712 (18) |
| Missing | 899 (23) |
| Stage at diagnosis (ISS/DS) | |
| Stage III | 2118 (54) |
| Stage I-II | 1694 (43) |
| Missing | 136 (3) |
| Immunochemical subtype | |
| IgG | 2357 (60) |
| IgA | 751 (19) |
| Light chain | 764 (19) |
| Nonsecretory | 36 (1) |
| Others | 40 (1) |
| Bone marrow plasma cells at diagnosis | |
| <10% | 384 (10) |
| ≥10% | 3048 (77) |
| Missing | 516 (13) |
| Bone marrow plasma cells at transplant | |
| <10% | 2686 (68) |
| ≥10% | 488 (12) |
| Missing | 774 (20) |
| Hemoglobin at diagnosis, g/dL | |
| <10 g/dL | 1355 (34) |
| ≥ 10 g/dL | 2234 (57) |
| Missing | 359 (9) |
| Hemoglobin before transplant, g/dL | |
| <10 g/dL | 816 (21) |
| ≥ 10 g/dL | 3104 (79) |
| Missing | 28 (1) |
| LDH at diagnosis | |
| <upper limit | 1389 (35) |
| ≥upper limit | 383 (10) |
| Missing | 2176 (55) |
| Beta-2 microglobulin level at diagnosis, mg/L | |
| 0- 3.5 mg/L | 1737 (44) |
| 3.5-5.5 mg/L | 632 (16) |
| ≥5.5mg/L | 692 (18) |
| Missing | 887 (22) |
| Serum creatinine prior to transplant, mg/dL | |
| <2 mg/dL | 3713 (94) |
| ≥ 2 mg/dL | 198 (5) |
| Missing | 37 (1) |
| Cytogenetics | |
| Standard risk | 2501 (63) |
| High risk | 1112 (28) |
| t(4;14) | 122 (3) |
| t(14;16) | 32 (1) |
| t(14;20) | 4 (0) |
| del17p | 144 (4) |
| +1q | 557 (14) |
| ≥2 HR | 253 (6) |
| Missing | 335 (8) |
| Lines of chemotherapy | |
| 1 | 2856 (72) |
| 2 | 930 (24) |
| Missing | 162 (4) |
| Chemotherapy | |
| VTD | 37 (1) |
| VRD | 2383 (60) |
| VCD | 642 (16) |
| VD | 282 (7) |
| RD | 242 (6) |
| KRD | 75 (2) |
| Daratumumab (Dara) | 89 (2) |
| Other∗ | 36 (1) |
| Missing | 162 (4) |
| Alkylating agent exposure | |
| No | 3153 (80) |
| Yes | 639 (16) |
| Missing | 156 (4) |
| Radiation therapy on any line of treatment | |
| No | 3149 (80) |
| Yes | 703 (18) |
| Missing | 96 (2) |
| Melphalan dose in conditioning regimen, mg/m2 | |
| MEL 140 | 1134 (29) |
| MEL 200 | 2814 (71) |
| Disease status before transplant | |
| sCR/CR | 611 (15) |
| VGPR | 1542 (39) |
| PR | 1517 (38) |
| SD | 194 (5) |
| PD/Relapse | 61 (2) |
| Missing | 23 (1) |
| Type of transplant | |
| Single auto | 3948 (100) |
| Time from diagnosis to transplant | |
| 0-6 mo | 1364 (35) |
| 6-12 mo | 1862 (47) |
| 12-24 mo | 448 (11) |
| >24 mo | 274 (7) |
| Missing | 0 (0) |
| Initial platelet count ≥ 20 × 109/L achieved | |
| No | 6 (0) |
| Yes | 3827 (97) |
| Never dropped below | 84 (2) |
| Missing | 31 (1) |
| Post-HSCT therapy received | |
| VR +/− other | 372 (9) |
| VC +/− other | 19 (0) |
| V +/− other | 370 (9) |
| R +/− other | 2836 (72) |
| KR +/− other | 59 (1) |
| K +/− other | 86 (2) |
| Other† | 16 (0) |
| Dara+Pom +/− other | 29 (1) |
| Dara +/− other | 21 (1) |
| Pom +/− other | 88 (2) |
| Thalidomide +/− other | 8 (0) |
| Ixazomib +/− other | 44 (1) |
| Y of transplant | |
| 2011 | 219 (6) |
| 2012 | 221 (6) |
| 2013 | 427 (11) |
| 2014 | 371 (9) |
| 2015 | 506 (13) |
| 2016 | 589 (15) |
| 2017 | 549 (14) |
| 2018 | 1066 (27) |
| SPM‡ | |
| No | 3773 (96) |
| Yes | 175 (4) |
| Follow-up--median (range) | 37 (3-108) |
| Characteristic . | Number (%) . |
|---|---|
| No. of patients | 3948 |
| Median age at first auto-HSCT (min-max) | 61 (20-82) |
| Age at transplant, y | |
| 18-39 | 110 (3) |
| 40-49 | 471 (12) |
| 50-59 | 1256 (32) |
| 60-69 | 1727 (44) |
| 70+ | 384 (10) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 2156 (55) |
| Female | 1792 (45) |
| Region | |
| US | 3948 (100) |
| Recipient race | |
| White | 2298 (58) |
| Black or African-American | 1357 (34) |
| Other | 206 (5) |
| Missing | 87 (2) |
| Karnofsky score | |
| ≥ 90 | 2076 (53) |
| < 90 | 1798 (46) |
| Missing | 74 (2) |
| HCT-CI | |
| 0 | 1029 (26) |
| 1 | 559 (14) |
| 2 | 680 (17) |
| 3 | 744 (19) |
| 4 | 436 (11) |
| 5 | 216 (5) |
| 6+ | 264 (7) |
| Missing | 20 (1) |
| History of solid tumor (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers) | |
| No | 3591 (91) |
| Yes | 334 (8) |
| Missing | 23 (1) |
| History of malignancy (any prior malignancy including solid tumors) | |
| No | 3544 (90) |
| Yes | 404 (10) |
| ISS stage at diagnosis | |
| ISS stage I | 1232 (31) |
| ISS stage II | 1105 (28) |
| ISS stage III | 712 (18) |
| Missing | 899 (23) |
| Stage at diagnosis (ISS/DS) | |
| Stage III | 2118 (54) |
| Stage I-II | 1694 (43) |
| Missing | 136 (3) |
| Immunochemical subtype | |
| IgG | 2357 (60) |
| IgA | 751 (19) |
| Light chain | 764 (19) |
| Nonsecretory | 36 (1) |
| Others | 40 (1) |
| Bone marrow plasma cells at diagnosis | |
| <10% | 384 (10) |
| ≥10% | 3048 (77) |
| Missing | 516 (13) |
| Bone marrow plasma cells at transplant | |
| <10% | 2686 (68) |
| ≥10% | 488 (12) |
| Missing | 774 (20) |
| Hemoglobin at diagnosis, g/dL | |
| <10 g/dL | 1355 (34) |
| ≥ 10 g/dL | 2234 (57) |
| Missing | 359 (9) |
| Hemoglobin before transplant, g/dL | |
| <10 g/dL | 816 (21) |
| ≥ 10 g/dL | 3104 (79) |
| Missing | 28 (1) |
| LDH at diagnosis | |
| <upper limit | 1389 (35) |
| ≥upper limit | 383 (10) |
| Missing | 2176 (55) |
| Beta-2 microglobulin level at diagnosis, mg/L | |
| 0- 3.5 mg/L | 1737 (44) |
| 3.5-5.5 mg/L | 632 (16) |
| ≥5.5mg/L | 692 (18) |
| Missing | 887 (22) |
| Serum creatinine prior to transplant, mg/dL | |
| <2 mg/dL | 3713 (94) |
| ≥ 2 mg/dL | 198 (5) |
| Missing | 37 (1) |
| Cytogenetics | |
| Standard risk | 2501 (63) |
| High risk | 1112 (28) |
| t(4;14) | 122 (3) |
| t(14;16) | 32 (1) |
| t(14;20) | 4 (0) |
| del17p | 144 (4) |
| +1q | 557 (14) |
| ≥2 HR | 253 (6) |
| Missing | 335 (8) |
| Lines of chemotherapy | |
| 1 | 2856 (72) |
| 2 | 930 (24) |
| Missing | 162 (4) |
| Chemotherapy | |
| VTD | 37 (1) |
| VRD | 2383 (60) |
| VCD | 642 (16) |
| VD | 282 (7) |
| RD | 242 (6) |
| KRD | 75 (2) |
| Daratumumab (Dara) | 89 (2) |
| Other∗ | 36 (1) |
| Missing | 162 (4) |
| Alkylating agent exposure | |
| No | 3153 (80) |
| Yes | 639 (16) |
| Missing | 156 (4) |
| Radiation therapy on any line of treatment | |
| No | 3149 (80) |
| Yes | 703 (18) |
| Missing | 96 (2) |
| Melphalan dose in conditioning regimen, mg/m2 | |
| MEL 140 | 1134 (29) |
| MEL 200 | 2814 (71) |
| Disease status before transplant | |
| sCR/CR | 611 (15) |
| VGPR | 1542 (39) |
| PR | 1517 (38) |
| SD | 194 (5) |
| PD/Relapse | 61 (2) |
| Missing | 23 (1) |
| Type of transplant | |
| Single auto | 3948 (100) |
| Time from diagnosis to transplant | |
| 0-6 mo | 1364 (35) |
| 6-12 mo | 1862 (47) |
| 12-24 mo | 448 (11) |
| >24 mo | 274 (7) |
| Missing | 0 (0) |
| Initial platelet count ≥ 20 × 109/L achieved | |
| No | 6 (0) |
| Yes | 3827 (97) |
| Never dropped below | 84 (2) |
| Missing | 31 (1) |
| Post-HSCT therapy received | |
| VR +/− other | 372 (9) |
| VC +/− other | 19 (0) |
| V +/− other | 370 (9) |
| R +/− other | 2836 (72) |
| KR +/− other | 59 (1) |
| K +/− other | 86 (2) |
| Other† | 16 (0) |
| Dara+Pom +/− other | 29 (1) |
| Dara +/− other | 21 (1) |
| Pom +/− other | 88 (2) |
| Thalidomide +/− other | 8 (0) |
| Ixazomib +/− other | 44 (1) |
| Y of transplant | |
| 2011 | 219 (6) |
| 2012 | 221 (6) |
| 2013 | 427 (11) |
| 2014 | 371 (9) |
| 2015 | 506 (13) |
| 2016 | 589 (15) |
| 2017 | 549 (14) |
| 2018 | 1066 (27) |
| SPM‡ | |
| No | 3773 (96) |
| Yes | 175 (4) |
| Follow-up--median (range) | 37 (3-108) |
V, Velcade; T, Thalidomide; R, Revlimid; D, dexamethasone; K, Kyprolis; C, cyclophosphamide; Pom, Pomalidomide; sCR, stringent complete response; VGPR, very good partial R; SD, stable disease; PD, progressive disease.
Other chemo: TD (n = 4), VDD/DVD (n = 21), VAD/similar (n = 3), K+/− other (n = 15), Pomalidomide (n = 1)
Other post-HSCT: Cellular therapy (n = 3), BMT CTN1401 (n = 2), Oprozomib (n = 1), CPD (n = 1), Nivolumab/Ipilimumab (n = 1), Panobinostat (n = 3), Vectibix (n = 1), Venetoclax (n = 2), Atezolizumab (n = 1), Dasatinib (n = 1)
Nonmelanoma skin cancers not included as new malignancies